Long-lived data creates exposure now
In a harvest-now-decrypt-later (HNDL) attack, adversaries collect encrypted data today and retain it until future capabilities make decryption possible.
Migration cannot undo potential historical capture, but it can reduce continuing exposure.
Cryptographic exposure spans the transaction layer
Algorithms, keys, certificates and connections are distributed across applications, transaction routing, authorization, inter-institution messaging, third parties and legacy infrastructure.
No single team has a complete view by default. Leaders need a risk-based understanding of what requires attention first.
Vendor readiness is not enterprise readiness
Individual suppliers can upgrade their own products, but they cannot inventory the institution’s exposure, establish its priorities or coordinate an enterprise-wide migration.
The institution must coordinate those upgrades through a governed migration program with shared priorities, accountable ownership and evidence of progress.